Parachute for aerostation and aviation.



M. GHAUMERETL j PARAOHUTE FOR A-BROSTATION AND AVIATION. APPLIUATIONFILED APR.10, 1912.

1,093,31 1. Patented Apr. 14, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

4 3 I I i o O 0 5 COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0,, WASHINGTON, D. C:

M. OHAUMERET. PARACHUTE FOR AEROSTATION AND AVIATION.

I APPLIUATION FILED APB-10, 1912. 1,093,31 1 Patented Apr. 14, 1914,

2 SHEETS-SHEET MARIUS CHAUIVIERET, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

FARACHUTE FOR AEEOSTATION AND AVIATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 14, 1%1l.

Application filed April 10, 1912. Serial No. 689,726.

To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that I, lVIARIUS CHAUMunE'r, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, residing at 15 Rue Civiale, Paris, in the Republic of France,have invented a certain new and useful Improved Parachute forAerostation and Aviation, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to a parachute to be used by aeronauts andaviators in descending for avoiding any fatal or even dangerous fall ofthe aeronauts or aviators.

I shall now describe my invention with reference tothe accompanyingdrawing showing one form of construction of the apparatus, in whichFigure 1 is an elevation of the parachute expanded. Fig. 2 shows theparachute folded. Fig. 3 is a detail view, showing the sliding sleeve incross section. Fig. 4L is a top plan view thereof. Fig. 5 is a detailview of the wheels guiding the manipulating cordsand their supports, andFig. 6 is a horizontal section therethrough. Fig. 7 showsdiagrammaticallv a portion of the expanded parachute.

Referring to the drawing, 1 is the covering material stretched overflexible wooden ribs or whale'bones 2, which are pivotally connected tosteel rods 8 fastened at their lower ends to sleeves t sliding on thecentral pole 10. The upward movement of the sleeves 4 along the pole 10is limited by stops 4 The pole 10 ends in a ball 7 arranged in a hollowsocket 8 so as to form a ball joint. At its upper end the pole 10 isprovided with a support 11 having side projections or lugs 12 forpivotally receiving the upper ends of the ribs 2. This support alsocarries the spindles of the grooved wheels 5 and 6 over which themanipulating cords are passed.

This parachute with its very simple mechanical movement has theadvantage of being perfectly rigid and the cover very tightly stretchedby the flexible wooden rib, which can be replaced by steel or whale-bonepreferably the latter. These flexible ribs 2 are for their part tightlystretched by the round steel rods 3 pivotally fastened to the sleevessliding on the pole 10 and serving to stretch and expand the parachuteand hold it rigid.

The parachute is closed (Fig. 2) and placed horizontally parallel to thelongitudinal axis of the tail of the aeroplane, and upon the same. Itdoes not interfere with tail of the aeroplane.

any movement of the aviator or of the aeroplane. lVhen the device isclosed, the operator pulls on the cord C, fastened to the upper sleeve ain order to effect an engagement between the small arm of the lever aand the sleeve 4, with the hook Z1 on the lower stationary ring awhereafter a rubber ring or the like 13 is slid over the ends of theribs for holding them together.

In order to open the parachute it is only necessary to pull cord C inorder to eifect the disengagement of the small arm of the lever a andthe ring 4 which is in engagement with a hook Z) of the lower stationaryring 49 Hereafter, also the rubber ring 18 is disengaged and theparachute will open automatically if the whalebone ribs are workingproperly, under theexpanding action of said whale-bones which heretoforehas been held under tension, and assisted by the influence of the air orwind collecting under the partly opened parachute and 6X' erting apressure upon-the underside of its roof. If however the whale-bonesshould fail to act properly, a pull exerted on cord C secured to thelower ring t will be sufiicient to assure an immediate opening of theparachute. It is to be understood, that the ends of the cords C and Cpassing over the pulleys 5 and 6 are always within convenient reach ofthe aviator, so that at the least danger the aviator pulls the cordwhich is within his reach, disengaging thereby the small arm of thelever a and the ring t and at the same time pulls back the rubber ring.

This parachute can be fastened to the aeroplane as has been describedabove, the fastening forming a hood in which is passed the support 9through which passes a shaft forming hinge and thus permits thestraightening up of the parachute, The use of the ball joint is ofinestimable value for the satisfactory working of the apparatus andpermits an undulating movement. The yoke 14 above the wheel 6 (Fig. 2)is detachably held by a spring clip to the tail end of an aerial craft.

This parachute can also be fastened to a seat of the arm-chair typesituated between the longitudinal parallel side rods or prolongations ofthe framework forming the This seat may be made to accommodate one ormore persons and is fastened by a device which can be releasedsimultaneously with the opening of the parachute which latter beingattached to one wall of the seat will support the seat and prevent itfalling, whereas the aeroplane will fall down by itself together withits engine, its petrol and all its accessories thereby considerablydecreasing the work required of the parachute. It is evident that theaviator or aviators should be fastened to the seat.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States is 1. A parachute of the character described for anaerial craft comprising in combination, a central pole, two superposedsleeves sliding along said pole, stops for limiting the upward movementof said sleeves, two sets of steel rods pivotally secured with theirlower ends to their respective sleeves, a supporting bracket upon theupper end of said pole, ribs carrying the material forming the roof ofthe parachute, adapted to be expanded by said rods and pivotally securedwith their inner ends to said bracket, pulleys upon said bracket atopposite sides thereof, cords passing over said pulleys in oppositedirections, one of said cords being secured with one of its ends to aring of the upper movable sleeve engaging a hook of the lower stop andhaving its other end at the disposal of the aviator, the engagementbetween the upper sliding sleeve and the lower stop being for thepurpose of allowing an automatic expansion of the parachute on release,and the other of said cords being secured with one of its ends to thelower of said movable sleeves, and having its other end at the disposalof the aviator for starting the automatic opening of the parachute byits expaneling ribs, an elastic ring for securing the lower ends of saidribs while the parachute is folded, and means for detachably securingthe parachute in its closed position to the tail-end of an aerial craft,substantially as described.

2. A parachute ofthe character described for an aerial craft detachablysecured to said craft, and comprising in combination, a central polesupporting superposed sliding sleeves and upper and lower stops forlimiting their upward movement, a bracket upon the upper end of saidpole, ribs for carrying the material forming the roof of the parachutepivotally secured with their inner ends to said bracket, two sets ofsteel rods pivotally connected to said sliding sleeves and to said ribs,means for securing the parachute in its folded position, and means formechanically releasing said securing means for positively expanding theparachute, a pair of pulleys upon said bracket at opposite sidesthereof, over which cords are guided in opposite directions, a hook uponthe lower stationary stop adapted to be engaged by a ring of the upperof the sliding sleeves to which one end of one of said cords is securedfor disengaging said ring from said hook, upon a pull exerted upon thefree end of said cord, a ring upon the lower of said sliding sleeves towhich one end of the other cord is fastened for moving said slidingsleeve upward upon a pull exerted upon the free end of said cordforpositively opening the parachute under the expansion of said ribs,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses. V

MARIUS CHAUMERET.

lVitnesses:

VIo'ron Pmivos'r, H. G. Coxn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

